fce grammar about conditionals
فریزال ورب و کالوکیشن با فعل put
Language focus 2: Conditionals
1 In relation to which of the films in the reading on pages 142 and 143 are each of the following statements made?
Zero conditional
It works better for me if I watch it during a storm.
First conditional
If you watch this film hoping for a complex storyline, you'll be disappointed.
Second conditional
If you combined all the extreme weather scenes of every natural disaster movie ever made, you would end up with something like this film.
Third conditional
If they'd made this film in 3D, cinema audiences would have run for the exit at the sight of them.
Mixed conditional
If I hadn't seen the special features on the DVD afterwards, I'd probably still think they hadn't employed any visual tricks.
2 Identify the verb forms in bold in the sentences in 1.
3 Conditional sentences consist of two clauses; a main clause and a clause introduced by if (or certain other words). Events in the main clause depend on, or are conditional on, events in the if clause. Underline the correct alternatives in the following explanations for the sentences in exercise 1.
Zero conditional: a situation in which one event always occurs as the result of another. If in this sentence means whenever/although.
First conditional: a possible/an impossible situation in the future and its likely result.
Second conditional: a present or past/future situation which the speaker considers to be unlikely or impossible.
Third conditional: an imaginary situation in the past. with speculation about its effect on present/past events.
Mixed conditional: an imaginary situation in the past, with speculation about its effect on present/past events.
4 Modal verbs can be used instead of will and would in conditional sentences. Explain the difference in meaning between these three sentences.
a If we leave now, we'll be home by six o'clock.
b If we leave now, we should be home by six o'clock.
c If we leave now, we might be home by six o'clock.
5 A number of conjunctions can be used instead of if in conditional sentences. Complete each gap with one word from the box. You do not need to use all the words.
unless unlike promising providing far exclusion condition long
a As as you don't look for any deeper message, you should enjoy the film.
b I'll let you borrow it, you're careful with it.
c Her employer will pay for her studies on that she attends every class.
d We'll have a barbecue in the garden, of course it rains. I hate wet sausages!
Read more about conditionals on page 218 of the Grammar reference.
6 Each of the following sentences contains a mistake. Find the mistakes and correct them.
1 If you'd have asked me, I would have lent you the money.
2 I'll give you a ring if I'll find out what time he's arriving.
3 What would you have done if she wouldn't have phoned?
4 If I would drink coffee after six o'clock, I can never sleep.
5 If they lose this match, I never go to see them play again.
7 Work in pairs.
Student A: Turn to page 202.
Student B: Turn to page 204.
Conditionals: Expressing regret
The third conditional can be used to express regrets. For each of the following situations, imagine what the person might be thinking. Write a third conditional sentence for each picture.
Vocabulary 2: Put
1 a Write one word in each gap to complete the phrasal verbs and expressions in bold in these extracts from the article on pages 142 and 143. Then check your answers in the article.
1 ... meteorologists who put their lives risk by chasing tornadoes ... (B)
2 I couldn't put the novel when I was reading it. (C)
3 ... the crew being put by Captain Billy Tyne for one final fishing trip in the season. (C)
4 If you can put up the fact that the Sensurround effect ... cannot be recreated on the DVD in your lounge ... (D)
5 ... this is not a cosy family film to put your feet with on a Sunday afternoon. (D)
b Match these meanings to the phrasal verbs and expressions you completed in a.
tolerate endanger relax stop reading assemble
2 Match each sentence beginning 1-9 with an appropriate ending a-i.
1 I've joined an amateur dramatics society: we're going to put on
2 These trousers are far too tight for me now: I must have put on
3 There's nothing on the television this evening: we could put on
4 I'm going to have to move out of my flat. My landlord's put up
5 Don't shout out the answer, Lara. You know you have to put up
6 Robin's coming to London today and I've offered to put him up
7 The groom had an accident in the morning so they had to put off
8 It rained every single day and the tent got flooded. It put him off
9 She found it hard to study, as several things were putting her off
a weight
b for the night.
c camping for life.
d the radio instead.
e the rent yet again.
f the wedding to a later date.
g a production of Hamlet in June.
h your hand if you want to say something.
i like the noise of the traffic and the neighbours arguing.
3 The phrasal verbs put on, put up and put off, each have multiple meanings. Use the sentences in exercise 2 to help you match each verb to the following groups of meanings.
a increase; raise into the air; accommodate
b postpone; discourage from; distract
c organize an event; gain; make equipment start working
4 Complete the gaps 1-4 with the words in the box.
money effort blame pressure
A My parents used to put a lot of (1 )on me to study harder. They said I wouldn't get into university if I didn't put more time and (2)into my school work.
B I'd been putting some (3)aside each week to pay for our holiday, and during the night someone broke in and stole it. The policeman who came had the cheek to put the (4) on me; he said I shouldn't have left so much cash in the house.
